The Texas Parks & Wildlife Department has documented cases of largemouth bass with broken jaws, which can result from improper handling and release by anglers. According to their studies, largemouth bass are particularly vulnerable to jaw injuries during handling and release, especially when held improperly or for too long.
Anglers need to handle bass carefully, supporting the fish’s weight horizontally and avoiding putting excessive pressure on the jaw, especially pressure that twists and torques their jaw. Holding the fish by the lower jaw awkwardly can put too much pressure on the jaw and cause it to dislocate or break.
Here are three ways to hold a largemouth bass to avoid jaw damage:
- Preferred: Hold the fish horizontally: Always support the fish’s weight horizontally with both hands when holding a largemouth bass. Place one hand under the fish’s head and the other under the fish’s belly, near the tail. This will distribute the weight of the fish evenly and prevent the jaw from being stretched or twisted. Supporting the fish’s weight evenly with both hands is essential to avoid stressing the jaw structure
- Acceptable: Hold the fish straight vertically by the lower jaw: One of the most common mistakes when handling a largemouth bass is to hold it by the lower jaw, trying to hold it horizontally. This can put too much pressure on the jaw and cause it to dislocate or break. Instead, hold the fish using the method described above, with your hand supporting the fish’s weight under the belly or straight up and down
- Use a lip gripper tool (two hands horizontal or straight up vertical): If you’re having trouble holding the fish securely, you can use a lip gripper tool to hold the fish by the lip without putting pressure on the jaw. Lip grippers have a clamp that can be attached to the fish’s lower lip, allowing you to hold the fish securely and safely. This tool should still be held straight up and down vertically or with two hands to support the weight of the fish.
Mastering the Art of Lipping a Bass
Lipping a bass efficiently not only enhances your fishing experience but also prevents the dreaded “bass thumb,” which is a scratched and tender thumb from improper handling. So, what's the proper technique?
Understanding Lipping
Lipping refers to the technique of holding a bass by its lower lip when removing it from the water. This method lets you control the fish without causing harm to it or yourself.
Step-by-Step Guide to Properly Lip a Bass
Stay Calm: After unhooking the bass, resist the urge to rush. A calm approach makes all the difference.
Position Your Thumb: Instead of jamming your thumb into the fish's mouth, where it can be scraped by the bass's teeth, aim for the upper two-thirds of your thumb to make contact with the fish's jaw.
Secure the Grip: By using the meatier part of your thumb, you’ll have a firm, yet gentle, hold on the bass. This prevents the fish from slipping and protects your thumb from being scratched by the bass’s tiny, sandpaper-like teeth.
Support with Fingers: Use your fingers to apply a gentle counter-pressure on the outside of the fish's jaw, ensuring it remains steady.
Release Safely: Once you're ready to release the bass back into the water, simply ease your grip, allowing the fish to swim away freely without any additional stress.
Practicing this approach helps in preventing injuries to your thumb and ensures a humane handling process for the bass. Remember, lipping is an essential skill for any angler looking to improve their catch-and-release game.
When Is It Appropriate to Use the Angled Hold for a Bass?
The angled hold, often seen in fishing photos, is a technique that should be used selectively. It is best suited for smaller bass as larger bass are at risk of jaw damage if held this way.
Identifying the Angled Hold:
- Body Position: Observe the angle between the fish's body and its head. If the body is tilted at an angle of 10% or more from the head, it is considered an angled hold.
Use with Caution:
- Size Matters: Reserve this hold for smaller bass to ensure their safety and well-being. Larger bass require more support to prevent injury.
In summary, the angled hold should be used judiciously and primarily for smaller fish to avoid harm.
How to Safely Unhook a Bass
Unhooking a bass safely involves a gentle and tactical approach to ensure the fish remains unharmed. Follow these steps to unhook a bass effectively:
Bring the Bass Close: Carefully reel in the bass, maintaining a steady hand to avoid sudden movements that could injure the fish.
Secure Your Hold: Once the bass is within reach, grip it securely. Hold the body from underneath, focusing on keeping the fish steady without applying too much pressure that might cause injury.
Remove the Hook Gently: With a firm hold, carefully slide the hook out from its mouth. Gently twist or backtrack the hook’s path if resistance is met. Using a pair of needle-nose pliers can aid in safe removal, providing better control.
Check the Fish's Condition: After the hook is removed, it's wise to quickly inspect the bass for any injuries or bleeding.
Lip The Bass if Necessary: To hold the bass more securely, especially for larger individuals, gently insert your thumb inside its lower lip and your forefinger outside for a firm grip.
By following this method, you help ensure that the bass can swim away safely, minimizing harm and contributing to sustainable fishing practices.
How Long Should a Bass Be Kept Out of Water?
When handling a bass, it's crucial to minimize its time outside of the water to ensure its health and vitality. A general rule of thumb is to keep the fish out of water for no longer than it takes to hold your breath comfortably, which is usually around 20 to 30 seconds.
Here’s why:
Stress Prevention: Bass can quickly become stressed once removed from their aquatic environment. Prolonging this can lead to unnecessary agitation.
Fish Safety: When bass start twisting and flailing, it's their way of signaling discomfort. This behavior indicates they're seeking a return to the water, where they can breathe and move freely.
Personal Safety: Handling an agitated fish can result in minor injuries. While a bass won't bite off your thumb, it can scratch and create discomfort.
To ensure a safe and efficient release:
Be Prepared: Have your tools—such as a hook remover and camera—ready before bringing the fish out.
Act Swiftly: Take photos or measurements quickly, if needed, and then return the bass to the water.
Handle With Care: Use minimal force and support the fish properly to make its transition back to its environment as smooth as possible.
By adhering to these guidelines, you'll support the health of the bass and enhance your fishing experience.
Choosing the Right Rod and Line for Bass Fishing
When targeting bass, it's crucial to use equipment that's up to the challenge of their fierce teeth and powerful jaws. Here's how you can gear up effectively:
Fishing Line
Abrasion-Resistant Line: Given that bass are known for their strong jaws and sharp teeth, opt for an abrasion-resistant line. Look for options like fluorocarbon or braided lines, which are popular for their durability and resistance to wear.
Line Strength: Select a line with adequate pound test rating. This depends on the size of the bass and the environment. Generally, a line rating of 8-12 pounds for finesse techniques or up to 20 pounds for heavier cover and bigger fish is preferred.
Fishing Rod
Rod Type: When it comes to rods, personal preference and technique play significant roles.
Casting Rods: Ideal for more experienced anglers, these rods provide accuracy and control when casting larger lures.
Spinning Rods: Suitable for beginners, spinning rods offer ease of use and versatility, especially when handling lighter lures.
Rod Power and Action: Consider a medium to heavy power rod for bass, which offers the strength to handle bigger fish. A fast action tip aids in sensitivity and hooking efficiency.
By selecting a line that can withstand abrasions and a rod that complements your fishing style, you can better your chances of a successful bass fishing expedition.
Remember, the goal when handling a largemouth bass or any fish is to minimize stress and avoid causing injury. Handling the fish gently and correctly increases the chances of the fish surviving and thriving after it’s released. Anglers can help ensure the survival and health of fish populations for generations to come.
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